Hi Patrick,
The Visual
and HTML
tabs are from WP, which basically turns on/off WYSIWYG editor (CKEditor in this case). Switching between HTML to Visual (CKEditor) may change the content, as CKEditor is performing code clean-up (XSS check, ACF as mentioned above).
The Source
button in CKEditor itself is editor feature, which allows to see/edit the final HTML produced by the CKEditor.
To sum up:
HTML
=> Visual
: turn on CKEditor – switch from textarea (plain text) to WYSIWYG editor
Visual
=> HTML
: turn off CKEditor – switch back to textarea
Source
on: see HTML source withing CKEditor
Source
off: swich back to WYSIWYG visual editing in CKEditor