I solved the problem. Following your instructions, in wp_options, the ‘siteurl’ is https://scandal.org/wordpress whereas the ‘home’ is https://scandal.org/weblog . I’m using a different blog and wp directory (it’s actually just a remapping of one dir to another to keep things clean).
Following the instructions in this post I edited vars.php in the wp-includes directory, and am now able to log in successfully with either browser.
Hopefully the devs are aware of the issue already as the fix was posted back in May. Thanks for your help, Podz.