WP_Query->get_posts() takes over 12 seconds?

Hello Community,
I have a problem with a query on my website. When I load the page it is incredibly slow and only after over 12 seconds the content starts showing. I have installed a debug plugin and found the query that takes so long. The output of the plugin is the following:

Time: 12,315.2ms (12.315196037292s)

Query: SELECT SQL_CALC_FOUND_ROWS meruca_posts.ID FROM meruca_posts WHERE 1=1 AND ( meruca_posts.ID NOT IN (
SELECT object_id
FROM meruca_term_relationships
WHERE term_taxonomy_id IN (14)
) ) AND meruca_posts.post_type = ‘post’ AND (meruca_posts.post_status = ‘publish’ OR meruca_posts.post_status = ‘private’) GROUP BY meruca_posts.ID ORDER BY meruca_posts.post_date DESC LIMIT 0, 10

Function: WP_Query->get_posts()

(meruca_ is my table prefix)

I have only basic understanding of mysql and can’t really see, what may cause this to take so long. If anybody has an idea what I could change it would be much appreciated.
There are about 5k posts on the site right now which isn’t too many and it is running on a dedicated server that should have much more than sufficient resourced for any query theoretically.