Using anchor links with pretty permalinks

I am trying use anchor tags to jump to specific parts within a post. For example, I have thumbnails of pictures at the top of a post that I want to jump down to the larger version of the picture:
https://www.jdmcmillan.org/works/to-collect-and-to-construct/

The thumbnail links work fine on the post page itself, but they don’t work when you click them from an outside page, e.g. from this category page:
https://www.jdmcmillan.org/category/works/

The link https://www.jdmcmillan.org/works/to-collect-and-to-construct/#01 just loads up https://www.jdmcmillan.org/works/to-collect-and-to-construct/, ignoring the anchor tag.

Any ideas how to fix this? I don’t want to have to give up pretty permalinks to make this work.

Cheers,
– Jeff