Trying to tweak the HTML around the category tag

Hi Mr. Ercikson,

thanks again for your awesome work with this Plugin!

Right now I am trying to tweak the HTML around the category tag. I want to change the <a> to a <span> and replace the href="xyz.tdl/this-slug" with a data-slug="this-slug"

I thought of somehow tweaking it in a codesnippet with a display_posts_shortcode_output filter. I already managed it to add meta values from ACF, perfekt!

I then found the way to strip the whole html around the tags and cats, which works, but looses the possibility to tweak CSS per single term:
add_filter( 'display_posts_shortcode_category_display', 'strip_tags' );

After all i found a way to apply filters, but i don’t know how to use them properly.
https://github.com/billerickson/display-posts-shortcode/issues/185

In the code to the plugin itself i found the passage:

$category_display_text = '';
	if ( $category_display && is_object_in_taxonomy( get_post_type(), $category_display ) ) {
		$terms       = get_the_terms( get_the_ID(), $category_display );
		$term_output = array();
		if ( ! empty( $terms ) && ! is_wp_error( $terms ) ) {
			foreach ( $terms as $term ) {
				 $term_output[] = '<a href="' . get_term_link( $term, $category_display ) . '">' . $term->name . '</a>';
			}
			$category_display_text = ' <span class="category-display"><span class="category-display-label">' . $category_label . '</span> ' . implode( ', ', $term_output ) . '</span>';
		}
		$category_display_text = apply_filters( 'display_posts_shortcode_category_display', $category_display_text, $terms, $category_display, $original_atts );
	}

I thought of somehow tweaking it in a codesnippet with a display_posts_shortcode_output filter like that (what sadly didn’t worked):

$category_display_text = '';
	if ( $category_display && is_object_in_taxonomy( get_post_type(), $category_display ) ) {
		$terms       = get_the_terms( get_the_ID(), $category_display );
		$term_output = array();
		if ( ! empty( $terms ) && ! is_wp_error( $terms ) ) {
			foreach ( $terms as $term ) {
				$term_output[] = $term->name;
			}
			$category_display_text =  $category_label;
		}
		$category_display_text = apply_filters( 'display_posts_shortcode_category_display', $category_display_text, $terms, $category_display, $original_atts );
	}

Thank you for reading all this and I hope that there is a way you could help me.
Kind regards,
Marius