the wordpress way

You can create your own theme, and make it look like whatever you want it to.

I understand, but how do i prevent the use of double slugs?
I made a setup of a page where i use custom post type and some orther dynamic content. The problem here is that my CPT and my Page use the same slug.

You can’t avoid that. If you have a post that uses this-page-name and a post that uses this-page-name you can’t have them the same because you can’t have two URL’s the same. Just to say, but a custom post type should have and use it’s own URL structure, like if your CPT is called as foocpt the URL woudl be /foocpt/page-name.

Ok, i understand.
But then, how do i build a page like this

Most of the times you need dynamic text and a CPT on the same page.
That must be possible to do right?

It is. And there’s a few ways of doing it. You can add text content using the standard editor in your CPT, or add in another editor (or plain text) area and save that with the CPT, or you can set up a template file that drags in the required info, or you can set up a shortcode to display the info… and that’s just what I can think of off the top of my head.