Returning posts not matching a category?

How do I return posts that have a category that is not set? The following successfully returns posts which have the category “book-review” set:

[loop type=article count=100 field=number value='{FIELD}' category=book-review orderby=id order=ASC]

But wow do I return posts that do not have the category “book-review” set (unchecked). I’ve tried adding empty=true/false.

Otherwise it seems that I have to filter using [if][else] ?