Problem with Table rate shipping – No shipping methods available

Hello, I’m not 100% about which plugin our combination is causing it, but I hope you’ll be able to help me or point me in the right direction. We are using latest WooCommerce + WPML and WooCommerce Multilingual & Multicurrency with WPML in combination with “Table rate shipping plugin” (by WooCommerce) and everything was working great until couple of weeks ago, when we performed latest updates of plugins.

Since then we have noticed that the “Table rate shipping” option works in default language, but in all other languages, the cart returns “No shipping options were found for [COUNTRY]” error, although all the settings and configurations have stayed the same as before when the shop was running smoothly (for 2+ years now).

I have updated all to the latest version, tried with various combinations of versions of the plugins mentioned above, translated all the shipping classes / table rates labels, tried to use the same slugs for table rates, tried to use different slugs for table rates, tried to add the table rates again – basically everything I was able to find in regards to this error on forums, however with no luck. Can please anyone help me or suggest any directions I should try?

Thank you and best regards!