Hey @zitengine,
I have seen that Others payment gateway is working fine.
Only Stripe by woocommerce is not working.
I attempted to place an order on your website using Stripe’s test credit card and it received the expected response from Stripe which is “Your card was declined. Your request was in live mode, but used a known test card.” so from what I’m able to see the system appears to be working.
Can you explain what happens when you attempt to place an order now that you have disabled the extensions that were hiding fields in the checkout?
Additionally, could you please share your current System Status Report with us? You can get it by navigating to the WooCommerce > Status section of your site. Once there, click on the Get system report button and then copy it by clicking on the Copy for support button. Then paste it here in your response.
Kind regards,