I am getting the same error message. I checked and the patch that is linked to has already been pushed to prod so I have it installed.
Here is my debug log:
/usr/local/www/apache24/data/wp-content # cat debug.log
[25-Sep-2017 22:19:20 UTC] PHP Fatal error: Uncaught Error: Call to undefined function ctype_digit() in /usr/local/www/apache24/data/wp-content/plugins/jetpack/class.jetpack-xmlrpc-server.php:184
Stack trace:
#0 /usr/local/www/apache24/data/wp-content/plugins/jetpack/class.jetpack-xmlrpc-server.php(147): Jetpack_XMLRPC_Server->verify_action(Array)
#1 /usr/local/www/apache24/data/wp-includes/IXR/class-IXR-server.php(127): Jetpack_XMLRPC_Server->verify_registration(Array)
#2 /usr/local/www/apache24/data/wp-includes/IXR/class-IXR-server.php(65): IXR_Server->call('jetpack.verifyR...', Array)
#3 /usr/local/www/apache24/data/wp-includes/IXR/class-IXR-server.php(27): IXR_Server->serve('<?xml version="...')
#4 /usr/local/www/apache24/data/wp-includes/IXR/class-IXR-server.php(35): IXR_Server->__construct(Array, false, false)
#5 /usr/local/www/apache24/data/wp-includes/class-wp-xmlrpc-server.php(197): IXR_Server->IXR_Server(Array)
#6 /usr/local/www/apache24/data/xmlrpc.php(84): wp_xmlrpc_server->serve_request()
#7 {main}
thrown in /usr/local/www/apache24/data/wp-content/plugins/jetpack/class.jetpack-xmlrpc-server.php on line 184
[25-Sep-2017 22:19:20 UTC] PHP Fatal error: Uncaught Error: Call to undefined function ctype_digit() in /usr/local/www/apache24/data/wp-content/plugins/jetpack/class.jetpack-xmlrpc-server.php:184
Stack trace:
#0 /usr/local/www/apache24/data/wp-content/plugins/jetpack/class.jetpack-xmlrpc-server.php(147): Jetpack_XMLRPC_Server->verify_action(Array)
#1 /usr/local/www/apache24/data/wp-includes/IXR/class-IXR-server.php(127): Jetpack_XMLRPC_Server->verify_registration(Array)
#2 /usr/local/www/apache24/data/wp-includes/IXR/class-IXR-server.php(65): IXR_Server->call('jetpack.verifyR...', Array)
#3 /usr/local/www/apache24/data/wp-includes/IXR/class-IXR-server.php(27): IXR_Server->serve('<?xml version="...')
#4 /usr/local/www/apache24/data/wp-includes/IXR/class-IXR-server.php(35): IXR_Server->__construct(Array, false, false)
#5 /usr/local/www/apache24/data/wp-includes/class-wp-xmlrpc-server.php(197): IXR_Server->IXR_Server(Array)
#6 /usr/local/www/apache24/data/xmlrpc.php(84): wp_xmlrpc_server->serve_request()
#7 {main}
thrown in /usr/local/www/apache24/data/wp-content/plugins/jetpack/class.jetpack-xmlrpc-server.php on line 184
[25-Sep-2017 22:25:07 UTC] PHP Notice: Undefined index: host in /usr/local/www/apache24/data/wp-includes/canonical.php on line 444
[25-Sep-2017 22:25:07 UTC] PHP Notice: Undefined index: host in /usr/local/www/apache24/data/wp-includes/canonical.php on line 445
[25-Sep-2017 22:25:07 UTC] PHP Notice: Undefined index: host in /usr/local/www/apache24/data/wp-includes/canonical.php on line 445
[25-Sep-2017 22:25:07 UTC] PHP Notice: Undefined index: host in /usr/local/www/apache24/data/wp-includes/canonical.php on line 446
[25-Sep-2017 22:25:07 UTC] PHP Notice: Undefined index: host in /usr/local/www/apache24/data/wp-includes/canonical.php on line 448
[25-Sep-2017 22:25:28 UTC] PHP Notice: Undefined index: host in /usr/local/www/apache24/data/wp-includes/canonical.php on line 444
[25-Sep-2017 22:25:28 UTC] PHP Notice: Undefined index: host in /usr/local/www/apache24/data/wp-includes/canonical.php on line 445
[25-Sep-2017 22:25:28 UTC] PHP Notice: Undefined index: host in /usr/local/www/apache24/data/wp-includes/canonical.php on line 445
[25-Sep-2017 22:25:28 UTC] PHP Notice: Undefined index: host in /usr/local/www/apache24/data/wp-includes/canonical.php on line 446
[25-Sep-2017 22:25:28 UTC] PHP Notice: Undefined index: host in /usr/local/www/apache24/data/wp-includes/canonical.php on line 448
[25-Sep-2017 22:25:38 UTC] PHP Notice: Trying to get property of non-object in /usr/local/www/apache24/data/wp-includes/nav-menu.php on line 728
[25-Sep-2017 22:25:38 UTC] PHP Notice: Trying to get property of non-object in /usr/local/www/apache24/data/wp-includes/nav-menu.php on line 728
[25-Sep-2017 22:25:38 UTC] PHP Notice: Trying to get property of non-object in /usr/local/www/apache24/data/wp-includes/nav-menu.php on line 732
[25-Sep-2017 22:25:38 UTC] PHP Notice: Trying to get property of non-object in /usr/local/www/apache24/data/wp-includes/nav-menu.php on line 728
[25-Sep-2017 22:25:38 UTC] PHP Notice: Trying to get property of non-object in /usr/local/www/apache24/data/wp-includes/nav-menu.php on line 728
[25-Sep-2017 22:25:38 UTC] PHP Notice: Trying to get property of non-object in /usr/local/www/apache24/data/wp-includes/nav-menu.php on line 732
[25-Sep-2017 22:25:39 UTC] PHP Notice: Undefined index: host in /usr/local/www/apache24/data/wp-includes/canonical.php on line 444
[25-Sep-2017 22:25:39 UTC] PHP Notice: Undefined index: host in /usr/local/www/apache24/data/wp-includes/canonical.php on line 445
[25-Sep-2017 22:25:39 UTC] PHP Notice: Undefined index: host in /usr/local/www/apache24/data/wp-includes/canonical.php on line 445
[25-Sep-2017 22:25:39 UTC] PHP Notice: Undefined index: host in /usr/local/www/apache24/data/wp-includes/canonical.php on line 446
[25-Sep-2017 22:25:39 UTC] PHP Notice: Undefined index: host in /usr/local/www/apache24/data/wp-includes/canonical.php on line 448
[25-Sep-2017 22:25:39 UTC] PHP Notice: Undefined index: scheme in /usr/local/www/apache24/data/wp-includes/canonical.php on line 465
[25-Sep-2017 22:25:39 UTC] PHP Notice: Undefined index: host in /usr/local/www/apache24/data/wp-includes/canonical.php on line 444
[25-Sep-2017 22:25:39 UTC] PHP Notice: Undefined index: host in /usr/local/www/apache24/data/wp-includes/canonical.php on line 445
[25-Sep-2017 22:25:39 UTC] PHP Notice: Undefined index: host in /usr/local/www/apache24/data/wp-includes/canonical.php on line 445
[25-Sep-2017 22:25:39 UTC] PHP Notice: Undefined index: host in /usr/local/www/apache24/data/wp-includes/canonical.php on line 446
[25-Sep-2017 22:25:39 UTC] PHP Notice: Undefined index: host in /usr/local/www/apache24/data/wp-includes/canonical.php on line 448
[25-Sep-2017 22:25:39 UTC] PHP Notice: Undefined index: scheme in /usr/local/www/apache24/data/wp-includes/canonical.php on line 465