I don’t consider myself an expert but I had the same issue today and did the following, now it’s solved (it was on facebook).
To be sure it’s a problem with the og image you can use facebook’s sharing debugger. It might give you the reason why it’s not showing. (For me it was “og:image tag missing”)
- In yoast settings/social – disabled/enabled the graphql data parameter.
- cleaned my caching plugin (wp-rocket)
- (regenerated the whole seo data from the first setup page)