Nitro CDN delivering wrong image

So on the linked page, you can see product categories, one of them is showing the default wordpress image. However the actual category has an image, if I view the page from my own browser, it shows me the correct image and on inspection it shows the correct path to the image on my server. However, when I use a different browser, not logged in to the website as a customer wouldn’t be, the default wordpress image shows and on inspection it showns the source linked back to the Nitro CDN, with the incorrect image name.

I’ve tried purging the cache, but it doesn’t fix it. I can’t seem to figure out why the CDN is linking to the wrong image.

The page I need help with: [log in to see the link]