Newb needing help with filters

Hi, pardon my inexperience with the filters, but I’m not entirely sure what to un-comment/format in the examples you show.

We have a custom post type called “Articles” that have excerpts I want to make mandatory. I just need a little more guidance on setting up the function.

Also, does this go back and unpublish already published articles if they don’t have an excerpt? I’m asking because that would unpublish a majority of articles. I’m looking to require excerpts moving forward.

Thank you!