you can get the order month with the following code:
$order_month = date_i18n( 'n', strtotime( $order_date ) );
Or the complete year+month directly:
$order_yearmonth = date_i18n( 'Yn', strtotime( $order_date ) );
The example in the FAQ is more up to date that the above and includes padding and your xx suffix too:
add_filter( 'wpo_wcpdf_invoice_number', 'wpo_wcpdf_invoice_number', 10, 4 );
function wpo_wcpdf_invoice_number( $invoice_number, $order_number, $order_id, $order_date ) {
$prefix = 'ABC';
$order_year = date_i18n( 'Y', strtotime( $order_date ) );
$order_month = date_i18n( 'n', strtotime( $order_date ) );
$padding = 6; // number of digits - so 42 becomes 000042
$suffix = 'xx';
$invoice_number = $prefix . $order_year . $order_month . sprintf('%0'.$padding.'d', $invoice_number) . $suffix ;
return $invoice_number;
}