That sounds like a customization that’s beyond the scope of this plugin. This plugin can get Font Awesome loaded for you so that when you use <i> tags or [icon] shortcodes in your page content, the icons will be rendered there.
What you’re asking about sounds like it has more to do with how to get one of those <i> tags to show up on posts of a particular category.
If I were to approach that, I might look for one of the content filters like the_title, and write some code into my theme’s functions.php that would check for that category on a post, and then add a category-specific icon to be displayed with the post’s title. That may not be the best filter or approach, but it’s the idea. Or there may be features of other plugins or theme’s that do something like this automatically.