Also, I know some themes come with built-in markup and formatting for tables. Is there any such function in Pique?
You can use the theme’s “Grid Page” template to display child pages in columns on a parent page.
Additionally, the theme does have some special markup to align text to the right of a panel:
<div class="overlay alignright">
This overlay will be aligned to the right-hand side of its panel.
You can add any content you'd like here.
</div>
You can read more about both those options under the Grid Template and Special Formatting sections of the theme’s documentation:
https://wordpress.com/themes/pique/
There isn’t any other special markup to use to make tables or columns outside of those options.
Depending on what you’re trying to achieve, you could attempt the HTML for tables/columns yourself or browse the plugin repository for a plugin that will help generate the code for you.
If you let me know some more specifics of what you are attempting to accomplish, I’ll be happy to guide you further.