There is no way to do exactly what you need here.
Re your first screenshot:
11 new strings added
These strings will all be untranslated. So if your PO file was previously 100% translated then it’s easy to see the new ones by ordering the translation column to group empty strings at the top or bottom of the list.
4 obsolete strings removed
These are gone from the editor, so there is no way to see what these were.
You might want to look at increasing the fuzzy matching tolerance setting. This would increase the chance that those 4 obsolete strings are kept and flagged in the editor.
More about fuzzy matching here: https://localise.biz/wordpress/plugin/manual/sync#fuzzy
I appreciate the need for a merge/sync “preview” that shows changes before applying them. It has been needed for a long time in my opinion, but very few people have asked for it and as it’s quite a big job I’ve not been able to prioritise it.