Featured image on Home Page not showing consistently (2011 theme)

I am very new to website building and to WP, so I am hoping that I have been missing something obvious … here is the site I have been working on: https://www.brightbeginningssv.org/wordpress/
I uploaded a featured image for my home page
It does not show up when I click “visit site” or click on “home” on the top menu bar, but does show up when I click the link I set up for “home” from other pages. This link just points to my “welcome” page. It is looking like I have been unable to “add’ the image to my HOME page. What I am referring to as my “welcome” page has the same text as my home page, but without the side bar and had blog space on the bottom whereas my home page has the side bar and no blog space on the bottom of the page.
Also, I had all my pages listed on my side bar, but no HOME shows up on that list.
I hope I am making sense in my questions … and hope that someone can help me out! I can’t go live with this site if I can’t get the HOME page to work! Thank you in advance for any help!!