exclude post from list which is in a certain category

Hi,
I am trying to do the whole wordpress-as-cms thing for an online magazine.
Now i want to have one featured post, which is also in another category.

Say i have categories for sports, reading and science.
Now one of my articles gets also put into the featured category, which has all the featured posts in it.

On my website i then give out the latest post in the featured category and all the posts in the other 3 cats.

Of course my featured category now shows up twice.

Is there a way to fix this?

I pastebin’ed the code of my home.php
https://pastebin.com/m2f1960a6

This seems like a question that was probably asked a thousand times, but spent the last 2 hours on google without any luck ??

I hope you guys can help me with this problem.. And maybe also give some advice on the php I pasted ??

Thanks in advance