Dynamic Conditional Menu?

Is there a way to, with the wordpress menu system or otherwise, create a menu that will remain visually the same, but the underlying links of each menu item might dynamically change based on certain conditions.

My website has around 10 main categories. These categories can be, however, locationally specified. Now I can see it being accomplish a couple ways

1. Creating a custom taxonomy or using a separate category to filter results. The menu links will point to a “results” page that will use the location taxonomy or category along with the category to filter the results somehow. Almost like pre-defined searches.

2. Modifying existing template pages to take in the additional filter of a custom taxonomy or category if the location is being specified.

3. Create a complex category system with each location getting it’s own set of the main categories.

With all the options the menu needs to dynamically change to send some sort of data in the URL in order to achieve the result.