do not cache via php?

I wonder if it’s possible to disable caching for a page via php. For example by calling an action inside the functions.php or wherever the plugin is called the first time?
In my case I have a specific template and want all sites with that template to not be cached. But typing my-template.php inside the excluding list doesn’t do the trick – only using the site urls. This is kind of annoying if you have dozens or hundreds of sites and need to copy paste each string into this excluding list.