That can indeed be an issue, depending on how the ads are inserted on your site, and how your theme is configured.
Jetpack’s Mobile Theme module, much like other mobile theme plugins, is a separate theme that gets activated on your site when someone accesses it from a mobile theme. This has the following effects:
- Any code that was running on another theme won’t run when you switch to a different theme.
- If you had added code to your desktop theme’s functions.php to add ads, or other elements, that code won’t run in the mobile theme.
- If your theme includes shortcodes, those shortcodes won’t run in the mobile theme.
- If you had added template tags in different files of your theme to inject elements like ads, those tags won’t be there in the mobile theme.
- If your theme doesn’t use a standard way to declare a static front page (under Settings > Reading in your dashboard), that setting won’t be applied when you switch to a different theme like Jetpack’s Mobile Theme.
There are different ways to work around those problems:
- Don’t add code or features related to your site content in your theme; things like shortcodes or ads should be handled via plugins, since plugins are loaded on your site regardless of the theme.
- Instead of relying on custom template tags to inject elements on your site, use actions and filters. Most modern plugins rely on those methods. You could even use a plugin to insert ads only in Jetpack’s Mobile Theme, like this.
- Use a theme that doesn’t implement custom queries on a static front page to display your blog posts. If you do use such a theme, make sure the theme is responsive, so you don’t have to rely on a mobile theme plugin. Luckily, most new themes are responsive these days, and make mobile theme plugins less and less useful.
I hope this clarifies things a bit. Let me know if you have any questions!