Custom page & Custom editor

Good afternoon WordPress Community,

After having released few websites on WordPress platform I am stuck with a little more complex challenge here.

Theme: Themify Music
Subject: Page that queries single post category & displays this cat’s posts.
Aim: Allow website’s writers/editors to add Artists (posts) to the website.
Question: How do I enable writers (non-IT and non-webdev) to create new Artist’s page by opening New Post page and ONLY populating such fields as Artist’s name, Latest release cover, SoundCloud track, Biography etc., and as a result the new Artist’s page will be filled with the information which writer’s put in the fields, organised with my custom page-category layout.

As an example this theme has Album post type, which apart from standard editor has these fields: https://oi61.tinypic.com/3026ioi.jpg Which once populated result in beautifully layouted Album page. I need to do this for Artists, and few other things as well.

I have a feeling that custom fields is the right direction, but with load and time constraints I am struggling to fully see the whole picture.

Any help is appreciated.

Best regards,
Eugene