Build additional category function

Hello, I am building a website that has extensive custom content types – I’m using the CCTM plugin. The site is essentially a database documenting research. I need to be able to make relationships between custom content types and for them to be links. I find that WordPress’s native category and tag functions perfect for this – but I need essentially to have more than category plugin – because to dump everything into the native categories (using hierarchies) will not give me enough distinction.

EG. the site documents videos. Each video is analysed paying attention to sound, image and if there are things like onscreen text. So Ideally I would a “meta” category for each of these. But I also need to make other distinctions, so for example – who made it, on what topic, its mode of address, whether it the video is argumentative, analytical or poetic. If I were to dump all this stuff into WordPress’s category function it will become too messy to create relationships.

So my question is:
Is it possible to duplicate WordPress’s category function and call it something different? And if so what would be the best way to do this?

Or does a plugin do what I need? I have searched for them, but I can’t find anything that fits the bill.