Almost there! Need help with finishing touches to site!!

So here’s the link to the site so far, making progress but still need some help!

https://govindayogastudio.com/wp

Basically last night I spent hours and hours researching snippets, css, firebug etc. I’m no coder by a long shot, I’m a yoga teacher. I can stand on my head but I don’t know what a child theme is. I did make some breakthroughs, though. Through snippets I took out the notebook and pencil icon graphics, took out the meta data on posts, changed the header and footer background to blue with orange borders, and took out the white box behind the menu. Here’s what I added to my Custom CSS panel:

.page #main-wrapper h1.format-icon:before {
content:    none;
}
.post h1.format-icon:before, .post h2.format-icon:before {
content: none;
}
.entry-meta {
display:    none;
}
.tc-header {
background: #104b7d;
border-bottom: 6px solid #a84d0f;
border-top: 3px solid #a84d0f;
}
footer#footer {
    background: none repeat scroll 0 0 #104b7d;
border-top:     12px solid #a84d0f;
}
.navbar .navbar-inner {
-webkit-box-shadow: none;
-moz-box-shadow:    none;
box-shadow:         none;
background:         none;
-webkit-box-shadow: none;
-moz-box-shadow:    none;
box-shadow:         none;
}

Now here’s what I still need to do, if anyone can help me I’d greatly appreciate it because I’ve already tried to do these on my own through hours of research and came up empty handed…

1. I need to take the shadow off the menu lettering and social media icons and change the text and icon colors to white with an orange rollover, and also have that orange stay on the text button for the page that one navigates to (I believe it’s called the focus color).
2. For the rest of the site, I’d like to have the links be dark blue (like the featured post links on the bottom of the home page, the “back to top” button, the bread crumbs navigation, etc) and hover over to orange. Basically changing all the links that are against the white background that now appear light blue and roll over to dark blue with an underline. The blue on the “Learn More” buttons I think looks fine so I don’t need to change that.
3. For extra credit, I’d like to put a background image for the background of the header instead of the blue. I tried the snippet code and it didn’t work. Also, if I did that, what size would I make the background image? Even better than that, I’d like to have an image that stretched across the whole header, and move the menu and social icons centered underneath it, is this possible?
4. And lastly, I’d like to change the body background to a light blue instead of the light gray that it is now. But then I’d also have to change the featured pages dynamic circles to the same light blue as well. Is this possible?

Thanks for your help. Any coding geniuses out there (rdellconsulting?) that know this stuff like the back of your hands, please save me several more hours of trial and error!!!!

[Moderator Note: No bumping. If it’s that urgent after just 3 hours, consider hiring someone instead.]