Permalink to a post on a certain page

I am working on a theme that uses two files only – index.php and archive template.
I am displaying one full post at a time (index.php) then I have pagination
at the bottom of it. Next page – Next post.

My front page is archive template from which you can go to a post.
But, this way it turn index.php into single and no pagination is being displayed.

So, how do I go about linking from archive to first page, second page, …

It is like paper magazine : The article is on page 7, then you open page 7 and read it.

Thanks for any advise