Yes, you can use a filter to control if a specific message should be logged.
I think there is an example in the example file that does what you need:
// Don't log failed logins
add_filter('simple_history/simple_logger/log_message_key', function( $doLog, $loggerSlug, $messageKey, $SimpleLoggerLogLevelsLevel, $context ) {
// Don't log login attempts to non existing users
if ( 'SimpleUserLogger' == $loggerSlug && 'user_unknown_login_failed' == $messageKey ) {
$doLog = false;
}
// Don't log failed logins to existing users
if ( 'SimpleUserLogger' == $loggerSlug && 'user_login_failed' == $messageKey ) {
$doLog = false;
}
return $doLog;
}, 10, 5);